Tetanus Vaccination

What is a tetanus vaccination?

A tetanus vaccination is an immunization that protects against tetanus, a serious bacterial infection caused by Clostridium tetani. The bacteria produce a toxin that affects the nervous system, leading to severe muscle stiffness and spasms. The vaccine helps your immune system develop protection against this toxin.

Why is the tetanus vaccination important?

Tetanus is a life-threatening condition with a high mortality rate. The tetanus vaccination is important because it helps prevent the infection and its severe complications, ensuring public health and safety.

What are the different types of tetanus vaccines available?

In Canada, there are three types of tetanus-containing vaccines:

• DTaP: Diphtheria, Tetanus, and acellular Pertussis vaccine (for children under 7 years old)

• Tdap: Tetanus, reduced Diphtheria, and acellular Pertussis vaccine (for individuals 7 years and older)

• Td: Tetanus and reduced Diphtheria vaccine (for booster doses in adults)

Who should get the tetanus vaccine?

In Canada, tetanus vaccination is recommended for everyone, starting with infants at 2 months of age, and followed by booster doses throughout life. Some specific groups, such as pregnant women, travelers, and healthcare workers, may have additional recommendations for vaccination.

What is the recommended vaccination schedule for tetanus?

According to Canadian guidelines, the recommended tetanus vaccination schedule is as follows:

• Infants and children: DTaP vaccine at 2, 4, 6, and 18 months, and between 4-6 years old.

• Adolescents: Tdap vaccine between 14-16 years old.

• Adults: Td vaccine booster every 10 years.

Can pregnant women receive the tetanus vaccination?

Yes, pregnant women can safely receive the Tdap vaccine, preferably between 27 and 32 weeks of gestation. The Tdap vaccine not only helps protect the mother and the newborn from tetanus, but it also offers protection against diphtheria and pertussis (whooping cough). Pertussis is a highly contagious respiratory infection that can be especially severe for infants. By receiving the Tdap vaccine during pregnancy, the mother's immunity is passed on to the newborn, providing early protection against pertussis until the baby can receive their own vaccinations. This helps reduce the risk of severe complications, hospitalization, and even death associated with pertussis in young infants.

Are there any side effects of the tetanus vaccine?

Common side effects of the tetanus vaccine include pain, redness, or swelling at the injection site, mild fever, and fatigue. Serious side effects are rare but can include severe allergic reactions or neurological problems.

What should I do if I experience side effects from the tetanus vaccination?

If you experience mild side effects, you can use over-the-counter pain relievers or apply a cold pack to the injection site. If you experience severe side effects or are concerned about any symptoms, contact your healthcare provider immediately.

Can I get a tetanus vaccination if I have a history of allergic reactions to vaccines?

If you have a history of severe allergic reactions to any component of the tetanus vaccine or a previous dose, you should not receive the vaccine.

Is it safe to get the tetanus vaccine along with other vaccines?

Yes, the tetanus vaccine can be safely administered along with other vaccines.

How long does the protection from the tetanus vaccine last?

Protection from the tetanus vaccine lasts about 10 years. Booster doses are recommended every 10 years to maintain immunity.

Do I need a tetanus vaccine after an injury or wound?

If you suffer a deep or contaminated wound and your last tetanus vaccine was more than 5 years ago, you may need a booster dose.