An individual’s fertility is associated with several genetic and non-genetic factors (i.e. obesity, smoking status, thyroid disease). Canadian guidelines typically recommend infertility investigations in couples after 12 months of unprotected intercourse in women under 35 years of age, and after 6 months in women between the age of 35-and 40. We typically refer all women above the age of 40 immediately to an infertility specialist. Women who have other medical conditions including but not limited to endometriosis, PCOS, and a history of pelvic inflammatory disease can be referred at any time.